This report gather coherent overview of the literature and data around how flexible working can relate to gender equality patterns in European societies. This report aims to summarise the current state of art in the theory and evidence around flexible working with regards to gender equality,...

Leveraging the first Covid-19 lockdown in Norway as a laboratory for an increase in work flexibility, we uncover a significant and persistent increase in births nine months later. Using the Goldin (2014) measure of work flexibility based on occupation characteristics, we show that fertility...

Differences in job amenities are an important dimension of gender inequality in compensation. We examine gender differences in levels and valuations of workplace flexibility and work meaning and study the relation between these amenities. We find that women value meaning and flexibility more,...

This paper provides a first assessment of the causal impact of the 2018-2021 reform in Korea meant to combat its long working-hour culture. The reform consists of lowering the statutory limit on total weekly working hours from 68 to 52. We apply a difference-in-difference approach in which we...

Working time autonomy is often accompanied by output-based incentives to counterbalance the loss of monitoring that comes with granting autonomy. However, in such settings, overprovision of effort could arise if workers are uncertain whether their performance suffices to secure the output-based...

Working time autonomy is often accompanied by output-based incentives to counterbalance the loss of monitoring that comes with granting autonomy. However, in such settings, overprovision of effort could arise if workers are uncertain whether their performance suffices to secure the output-based...

We use German administrative and survey data to investigate the heterogeneity of parttime penalties in hourly wages and growth rates. Exploiting tax reforms for identification, we find substantial heterogeneity in part-time wage penalties from −28.3% to −7.2% compared to full-time. The...