In September 2021, the city of Bogota' introduced a major market-based reform to its odd-even driving restriction, known as Pico y Placa. Since then, drivers have had the option to pay a daily congestion fee to be exempt from the restriction. We find t hat while the reform increased traffic, it...

Dynamic pricing strategy is a well-known method for utility pricing used in many parts of the world and is rapidly growing in trend due to its ability to adjust utility pricing to the utmost real-time calculations. One such method is what we call Time-of-Use (TOU), a strategy that adjusted...

With the expansion of renewable energy and evolving electricity consumption patterns, time-of-use (TOU) pricing has become a crucial mechanism for cost transmission and demand-side management. However, the effectiveness of TOU pricing in accurately reflecting system costs across different...

The marginal cost of electricity fluctuates hour-by-hour, yet retail customers typically face flat prices. Using data from all seven US wholesale markets and a new method to evaluate alternative rates set in advance that accounts for equilibrium price effects, we estimate efficiency gains...

We analyse time-varying tolling in the stochastic bottleneck model with price-sensitive demand and uncertain capacity. We find that price sensitivity and its interplay with uncertainty have important implications for the effects of tolling on travel costs, welfare and consumers. We evaluate...