This leaflet aims to raise awareness of the challenges identified by Eurojust in judicial cooperation regarding legal qualifications and the interpretation of facts constituting the offence of trafficking in human beings (THB) for sexual exploitation and related crimes.

This leaflet aims to raise awareness of the challenges identified by Eurojust in judicial cooperation regarding legal qualifications and the interpretation of facts constituting the offence of trafficking in human beings (THB) for sexual exploitation and related crimes.

Adema et al. (2025a) critically reassesses the findings of Ciacci (2024), arguing that the reported effects result from statistical errors and flawed empirical implementation. This response systematically addresses those claims by applying their proposed methodology to the corrected sample...

In his comment on our replication of Ciacci (2024), Ciacci (2025b) again finds large and statistically significant treatment effects on rape from Sweden's ban on sex purchases. These estimates derive from overfitted control functions and incorrect clustering in the regression discontinuity in...

The article Banning the Purchase of Sex Increases Cases of Rape: Evidence from Sweden" claims that Sweden's 1999 criminalization of buying sex increased rape by 44-62% (Ciacci, 2024). This finding is surprising given the flat time trend in reported rapes around the reform year. We show that...