Our review examines the academic literature that quantitatively analyzes the economic determinants of the welfare-optimal inflation target. Specifically, we explore the normative question of the long-run inflation rate a central bank should commit to. We discuss traditional arguments supporting...

Abstract After a brief review of cities and their emergence in human history, I suggest a set of new conceptual tools for grappling with the urbanization process and urban growth. I describe and define centripetal forces, or those forces that draw humans to the city, and contrast them with...

The aim of this chapter is to provide guidance to doctoral students and young researchers on how to undertake empirical research on entrepreneurial firms, how to design an empirical research project that has the potential to provide significant insights into firm-level entrepreneurial phenomena,...

This book chapter addresses the challenge of protecting data in the evolving data economy, focusing on trade secrets as a complementary tool to patents. It examines the impact of the growing importance of data on patenting practices, including licensing, and suggests that the traditional legal...

In this chapter, we explore Bitcoin Ordinals and BRC20 tokens and attempt to enhance the understanding of this interesting area. We initially review the history of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) from their early days as Colored Coins to the forms they have evolved into today. Then we discuss recent...

The chapter explores the transformative role of digitalisation in South Africa's manufacturing sectors, focusing on how companies are developing capabilities to seize digital innovation opportunities. The chapter introduces a ‘digital capability matrix’, which categorises firm-level...

The entry focuses on the reflective model of the design process in innovation activities, contrasting that with the rational model of design. Based on Donald Schön's ideas, the reflective model approaches design as an intuitive, dynamic, and iterative process, emphasizing...

Steelmaking represents one of the most carbon-intensive industries - second only to cement - and is responsible for 8% of global CO2 emissions. The creation of a market for premium, low-carbon emission steel products, or 'green steel', could serve as a means of generating revenue streams to...