Purpose In this paper, the authors examine the strategies used to reduce labour costs in three public hospitals in South Africa, which were effective and why. In the democratic era, after the revelations of large-scale corruption, the authors ask whether their case studies provide lessons for...

The focus of our chapter is to determine the extent to which lean manufacturing and lean digital 4.0 are complementary when it comes to reducing waste in the production chain. Indeed, Industry 4.0 is increasingly presented as a must for improving productivity and ensuring economic growth in...

This study explores the mechanisms involved in integrating and balancing individual and organizational interests, focusing on how to manage diversity, particularly the ‘diverse'. This chapter traces the elements that define and characterize the “diverse” and the organizational diversity....