This chapter presents the argument that managers’ experience of their own moral agency merits scholarly attention, especially in light of how prominent the idea is becoming that ethically salient judgments are determined by non-deliberative factors (e.g., emotion, intuition, cognitive bias...

While poverty lines are indispensable for poverty measurement, there exist a variety of approaches to the specification of poverty lines, including absolute, relative, weakly relative and subjective poverty lines. This chapter briefly reviews the conceptual and normative distinctions underlying...

This chapter provides an overview of the measurement and determinants of overall public sector efficiency. We derive Order-m efficiency scores, which deal with outliers and measurement error and avoid the “curse of dimensionality”, for 119 countries during the 2000-2020 period and compare...

The impact of the COVID-19 (corona virus disease) pandemic across the global workforce has been nothing short of dramatic. Many organisations globally have had to adjust to massive shifts associated with the pandemic. Typically, most employees would work in proximity with themselves and their...

Technologies that have developed for centuries have made people's lives easier. With new technologies, people have started to more easily and accurately do things that once used to take a lot of their time. Especially with the industrial revolution, everything has started to become automatic...

Causal ambiguity is a key issue when integrating artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) technologies with human work activities. It reduces accountability, inhibits learning, and fuels uncertainty of the human workers and technology designers. We identify challenges and develop...

BE2ST-In-Highways is a framework for assessing the social impact of reusing materials in pavement building, using the Pavement Life-Cycle Assessment Tool for Environmental and Economic Impacts (PaLATE) and life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). ENVISION is a two-stage assessment method with four...

One way to advance knowledge is to look for small improvements upon what one already holds to be true. The peer review system in modern economics rewards that practice, and we see it too in economic theories of altruism that start from the ‘accepted’ position that people have fixed...