Research management is slowly being recognised as a profession in Iceland as demands from funders and quality assurance have increased. The Icelandic research community is very small and funding for research is limited. The development of the profession in Iceland is tightly connected to...

The Government of Ireland, through the Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (DoFHERIS), sets the framework for the national research ecosystem. Within that ecosystem, the Research Management and Administrators (RMA) community evolved in response to...

This chapter gives an overview of how the profession has been evolving in Italy and reports its milestones. After explaining the transformation of the national research ecosystem, which in the last decades undertook the transition from a direct state funding model towards a competitive base...

In this chapter, we show the development of the Dutch research funding support during the past 40 years. As well as the evolution of the research funding ecosystem in science and innovation. We show where Research Managers and Administrators (RMAs) started, how they developed and which...

This chapter focuses on the Norwegian research system and the Norwegian Research Management and Administration (RMA) community. The first section presents the overall Norwegian system of research and innovation, and the most important actors. In the second section of the chapter, our attention...

This chapter addresses the profession of research management and administration (RMA) in Portugal. It starts with a brief outline of the national research and innovation (R&I) ecosystem that contextualises the development of the profession. The RMA community is characterised and the expectations...

This chapter builds the historical overview of RMA in Catalonia and explores the detail of how research management and administration (RMA) has evolved, particularly in this northeast region, in Spain. It shows the specific conditions under which RMAs have become a community over time. This...

This chapter outlines the development of the Swedish Higher Education System that led to the evolution of the profession of research management and administration (RMA) in Sweden. Evolution from an informal network towards more formalised and structured work within the Swedish RMA community is...

Over the last four decades, Chile has experienced the longest economic expansion in its history but also suffered the persistence of high levels of income inequality, precarity, and social dislocation. This chapter contends that narrow interpretations of this apparent good news-bad news paradox,...

This paper reviews how pro-poor growth evolved, providing intuitive interpretations and policy implications. It critically assesses alternative definitions of pro-poor growth proposed in the literature. It also outlines how to make pro-poor growth operational utilizing household surveys. China...