This chapter examines the geopolitical dimensions of China's trade policy by analyzing how the People's Republic of China strategically leverages trade as an instrument of power to achieve greater strategic autonomy and expand its global influence in a rapidly shifting international order,...

China's engagement with the Global South has emerged as a cornerstone of its foreign policy, reflecting a nuanced interplay between soft power and strategic influence. Through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), foreign direct investments, and cultural diplomacy, China has...

In the post-Cold War era, China, as a new global power, is expanding its influence around the globe and regions through different strategies and means, including regional and global organizations. Accordingly, since the establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in 2001, China,...

This chapter argues that China's engagement in mainland Southeast Asia illustrates a new mode of hegemony: one that substitutes formal empire with economic corridors and strategic interdependence. China's rise as a global power is reshaping the political economy of the Global South, and the...