In light of increasing demands for transparency and accountability in public finance, digital transformation is emerging as a strategic priority for oversight and integrity institutions. This technical paper explores the experience of Belgium's Federal Internal Audit (FIA) in developing a...

Purpose - The purpose of this research is to develop a set of policies to solve the decarbonization issues of container terminal clusters. Design/methodology/approach - This research used the system dynamics approach to develop an integrated multi-issue policy model. Findings - We found that the...

This report develops a comprehensive national digital trade strategy for Nigeria aligned with the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Protocol on Digital Trade (DTP). The AfCFTA aims to enhance economic integration and intra-African trade, and Nigeria, with its growing digital economy,...

This report develops a comprehensive national digital trade strategy for Nigeria aligned with the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Protocol on Digital Trade (DTP). The AfCFTA aims to enhance economic integration and intra-African trade, and Nigeria, with its growing digital economy,...

Nonprofits operate in a complex environment in which they sometimes have to achieve two conflicting goals. The natural tendency of a nonprofit's management is to maximize the organization's social goals, by using its resources fully. However, every nonprofit needs financial stability, and this...

Measuring digital transformation is inherently complex and multidimensional, with objective evaluation hindered by subjective factors. Existing maturity models and composite indices typically capture readiness and technology adoption but fail to address the subjective nature of digitalization...