This guidance document seeks ways of translating the Grand Bargain commitments into concrete action, while recognising that DG ECHO has already embarked on numerous projects and programmes that support localisation, although not yet in a systematic manner. The aim is to ensure that DG ECHO has...

In humanitarian crises, the first to respond are local; the neighbours, local and national authorities, civil society organisations big and small. Local response is timely, cost effective and efficient. Local responders come from the same country or region, speak the languages, understand the...

Purpose Although the Singapore model of ethnic integration through its public housing programme is well known, the formula for replicating its success elsewhere remains underexplored. This study aims to identify the criteria for successful transplantation, specifically by identifying the housing...

It is clear that the export has important effects on country economic development. There are lot of various strategies have used in some countries to increase the export of services. According to the international statistics, we can see that the share of services exports in global trade is...