The United States (US) and European Union (EU) are at risk of entering a full-blown trade war. Three months ago, on "Liberation Day", US President Donald Trump imposed high import tariffs on almost all countries, including the EU. He then suspended them at short notice to negotiate with over 90...

As the search for reliable sources of critical raw materials turns to the ocean floor, international conflicts could result. Although very little is known about the possible impacts of deep-sea mining, Washington has launched an initiative that undermines the existing international regime for...

The European Capitals of Small Retail (ECoSR) awards initiative identifies cities that have achieved remarkable results in supporting small retailers and maintaining vibrant city centres. The awards celebrate success stories of cities that have fostered effective and innovative approaches to...

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a rapidly developing general purpose technology of global importance. This paper examines the potential competition issues arising from the physical infrastructure underpinning AI development, particularly computing resources such as advanced chips. It explores...

What are the key determinants of competition in mobile payment services? How can pro-competitive regulations, competition advocacy and enforcement reduce barriers to entry, and promote competition and innovation? This paper focuses on retail mobile payment services used at physical points of...