"In rebuilding conflict-affected states, a major portion of foreign aid focuses on reforming public finance management systems and supporting annual budgets. But how budgets are allocated and how reforms take shape in practice remain critical questions. This book analyses the politics of reform...

This chapter explains how artificial intelligence has evolved customer segmentation from a marketing tool into a socio-technical decision mechanism with implications for fairness, inclusion, and cultural representation. In the chapter, algorithmic segmentation is analyzed using clustering...

We study conflicts between envy-based fairness and efficiency for allocating indivisible items under additive utilities. We formalize several small, transparent instances showing that standard envy-freeness (EF) or its relaxations EFX and EFX0-i.e., envy-freeness up to any item, where EFX...

The association between inequality and subjective well-being depends on which aspect of inequality is captured. Objective indicators based on income data, subjective assessments of the income distribution, and normative fairness perceptions each tap into different facets of how inequality is...

This paper examines the impact of shared religious composition on global wine trade. We assembled a novel dataset of bilateral wine trade flows and country-level religious affiliation for 102 countries from 1988 to 2023. Our theory-consistent gravity estimates show that a greater common share of...