There is a need for concepts and methods to develop generic insights across cases in transitions studies based on thorough and systematic empirical analysis. Based on the major strands of transition literature, this paper develops dimensions for a socio-technical system level analysis,...

We study how connections to German federal parliamentarians affect firm dynamics by constructing a novel dataset linking politicians and election candidates to the universe of firms. To identify the causal effect of access to political power, we exploit (i) new appointments to the company...

Freshwater resources are vital for environmental health and human societies. Understanding their current status and future trends is critical for developing sustainable solutions. This study examines water quantity and quality on global and regional scales, with a specific focus on Germany. To...

The study explores the concept of energy poverty and vulnerability within the German context, emphasizing the impact of rising energy costs and low energy efficiency of buildings on energy poor or vulnerable households. Vulnerability, in this setting, refers to the risk households face due to...

The report analyzes the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the cultivation of agricultural raw materials in the NUTS2 regions of Germany in accordance with the EU Renewable Energy Directive (RED II). The aim is to update the typical emission values for the production of biofuels, biogas and...

With the Carbon Removal Certification Framework (CRCF), adopted in 2024, the EU established a voluntary framework for carbon removal certification, which includes criteria for the certification of removals, rules for the certification process and the recognition of certification schemes. This...

The generation of electricity and heat is the largest single activity covered by the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS). Due to the interconnectedness, the difference in the emission intensity of the different fuels and their configuration in a competitive marginal cost pricing market, power...