"Stock-based compensation is the standard solution to agency problems between shareholders and managers. In a dynamic … managers to work harder, it also induces them to hide any worsening of the firm's investment opportunities by following largely …-valued while managers hide the bad news to shareholders. We find that a firm-specific compensation package based on both stock and …

Stock-based compensation is the standard solution to agency problems between shareholders and managers. In a dynamic … managers to work harder, it also induces them to hide any worsening of the firm's investment opportunities by following largely …-valued while managers hide the bad news to shareholders. We find that a firm-specific compensation package based on both stock and …

number of managers reporting directly to the CEO doubled, the growth was driven primarily by functional managers rather than … general managers. Using panel data on senior management positions, we explore the relationship between changes in executive … corporate-wide coordination by functional managers in headquarters. We find that the number of functional managers closer to the …