be more effective because students do not know the educational production function, and thus have little clue how to turn …

expectations during high school and beyond. The results indicate that expectations rose for all students with the greatest … data demonstrate that the majority (about 60 percent) of students update their expectations at least once between eighth …

students from majors in which they have a relative ability advantage, with adverse consequences on academic performance, entry …

We examine the effects of malaria on educational attainment and income by exploiting geographic variation in malaria … income for prime age men. This finding is robust to using very localized sources of geographic variation and to instrumenting … for pre-eradication prevalence with climate factors. We do not observe improvements in income for women, suggesting that …

forecastable at the time students decide to go to college (heterogeneity) and components that are unforecastable. About 60% of …

. Their study has been faulted because minority children and their parents may have pessimistic expectations about receiving … outcomes, minority parents and children have more pessimistic expectations about child schooling relative to white children and … their parents when their children are young. At later ages, expectations are more uniform across racial and ethnic groups …

some students to a total of about two thirds of a year less of schooling while enrolled. I show that the short school years … led indeed to shorter schooling for affected students. Using comparisons across cohorts, states, and secondary school … number of students attending the highest secondary school track or earnings later in life …

This paper examines the family income -- college enrollment relationship and the evidence on credit constraints in post … ability. Long-run factors crystallized in ability are the major determinants of the family income -- schooling relationship …