-achieving students. The reduction in learning time was not larger for children from lower-educated parents, but it was larger for boys … collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We …

and students' cognitive and socio-emotional development. The German panel evidence shows that children's learning time …If school closures and social-distancing experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic impeded children's skill development …, they may leave a lasting legacy in human capital. To understand the pandemic's effects on school children, this paper …

internal rates of return that take into account tuition costs, income taxes and nonlinearities in the earnings …

rates of return that takes into account tuition, income taxes and forms of uncertainty. We also contrast estimates based on …

-American children in the 1960s. We discuss the design of the experiment, compromises in and adjustments to the randomization protocol …

This paper examines the impact of the iconic Perry Preschool Project on the children and siblings of the original … participants. The children of treated participants have fewer school suspensions, higher levels of education and employment, and … lower levels of participation in crime, compared with the children of untreated participants. Impacts are especially …

children enter school. Families are major producers of those skills. Inequality in performance in school is strongly linked to … inequality in family environments. Schools do little to reduce or enlarge the gaps in skills that are present when children enter … growing fraction of American children across all race and ethnic groups is being raised in dysfunctional families. Investment …