This paper examines the impact of potential fetal malnutrition on the academic proficiency of Muslim students in … pregnant. In some of our specifications, we use a sample of students from predominantly non-Muslim countries as an additional … achievement scores of Muslim students, especially females. Our analysis further reveals that most of these effects are …

This paper studies the multidimensional nature of investments in children within a dynamic framework. In particular, we … dynamics of skill accumulation. Fourth, we use data from the Child Development Supplement of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics … to estimate the skill production technology for children ages 12 and younger. Our estimates suggest complementarity …

internal rates of return that take into account tuition costs, income taxes and nonlinearities in the earnings …

markets. These constraints imply cross-sectional patterns for schooling, ability, and family income that are consistent with U … -- schooling relationship for low-income youth. We show that the rising empirical importance of familial wealth and income in …

disadvantaged parents from welfare to work. Although previous empirical studies consistently show that these employment … estimates suggest that children receiving subsidized care in the year before kindergarten score lower on tests of cognitive … time children reach the end of third grade. Our results point to an unintended consequence of a child care subsidy regime …

adolescent family structure and delinquent behavior is not accounted for by the income differentials associated with fathers …