in childhood on primary school enrollment status, using pseudo-panel data for children ages six to nine years in … difference of 8 to 10 percentage points -- for children ages six to seven. It is also strong in rural areas. The results are …

countries where panel data to follow children over time exists, there are few substantive changes in scores once children enter …

This paper studies the relative academic performance of students tracked or randomly assigned to South African … university dormitories. Tracked or streamed assignment creates dormitories where all students obtained similar scores on high … of students. Tracking lowers students' mean grades in their first year of university and increases the variance or …

This paper evaluates and compares two randomized interventions in Tonga, one targeting the home environment of children … up to age 5 and one targeting the school environment for first and second grade students. The first intervention supports … communities to set up and run playgroups that aim to improve caregiver-child interaction at home and ultimately improve children …

In many low-income countries, teachers do not master the subject they are teaching, and children learn little while … data on students are not available. The paper shows that data on test scores of the student's current and the previous year …. Assigning more students to better teachers would potentially lead to substantial cost-savings, even if there are negative class …

It has been argued that a factor behind the decline in income inequality in Latin America in the 2000s was the …

Socioeconomic segregation is often decried for denying poorer children the benefits of positive' peer effects'. Yet …

between measures of top-down accountability and students' rates of grade repetition and failure in final examinations, and a … strong positive correlation between measures of top-down accountability and students' excellence in math. Bottom … accountability within the schools focuses on parents' willingness to hold teachers to account. Here, the survey data are combined …

scores to school and household inputs, and tests its predictions in two very different low-income country settings -- Zambia …