government, and including a combined sector of totals. The results indicate that none of the sectors exhibits ó-convergence, but … they all show strong evidence of â-convergence with a convergence club pattern that is apparent for the wholesale …

The topic of convergence is at the heart of a wide-ranging debate in the growth literature. Empirical studies of … convergence differ widely in their theoretical backgrounds, empirical specifications and in their treatment of cross …-sectional heterogeneity. Despite these differences, a rate of convergence of about 2% has been found under a variety of different conditions …

The topic of convergence is at the heart of a wide-ranging debate in the growth literature. Empirical studies of … convergence differ widely in their theoretical backgrounds, empirical specifications and in their treatment of cross …-sectional heterogeneity. Despite these differences, a rate of convergence of about 2% has been found under a variety of different conditions …

achieved mostly sustained convergence with Western Europe. Many EU-CEE countries have overtaken Southern EU member states in … more sustained and sustainable rate of convergence with Western Europe in the coming decades. We find that governments in …

The EU member states of Central Eastern Europe (EU-CEE) have experienced rapid convergence in the decades following …