income growth. New economic geography predicts income divergence across regions. We investigate the dynamic process of … accumulating tertiary education and regional income growth in Norway during the past four decades. The expansion of smart cities … goes along with catching up of education level in the periphery and overall the education levels converge. Income levels …

Income levels are higher in cities. The evidence for the income gap between urban and rural areas is overwhelming, but …. The elasticity of income with respect to population size and density is significantly lower for individuals with lower …