Healthy soils are essential for our environment and society, as soils deliver crucial ecosystem services. The publication of the EU Soil Strategy for 2030 and the Soil Monitoring Law marked major milestones for soil protection and restoration in the EU. In parallel, the Mission Soil aims to...

This study aims to bring forward a preliminary assessment of policy options for a possible review of the Sewage Sludge Directive. The main problem identified is that current sludge management is not fully aligned with current EU policy objectives, particularly on environmental and human health...

Clay minerals are a key factor in mineral soils as they are controlling physic, chemical and biological soil properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis has been widely used to identify and quantify minerals in earth science The aim of this research is to describe the clay minerals in soils...

This report presents the activities of the EU Soil Observatory (EUSO) that took place during 2022. Through its five main objectives, the EUSO contributes to improving the monitoring of soils, to creating and sharing knowledge and data about EU soils, in particular producing tailored outputs in...

Accurate and complete environmental information is at the basis of any effective sustainable development policy. This report summarises for the first time the status of air, climate, water and soil in the Western Balkans (WB), describing current knowledge as of 2021 and gaps with respect to the...

Accurate and complete environmental information is at the basis of any effective sustainable development policy. This report summarises for the first time the status of air, climate, water and soil in the Western Balkans (WB), describing current knowledge as of 2021 and gaps with respect to the...