Although prior studies have shown that consumers who perceive brand authenticity are more likely to spread word-of-mouth (WOM) recommendations, the underlying explanatory mechanism in the context of souvenir products in tourism remains unclear. To fill this gap, this study presents a...

This study investigates whether strategic networks in global value chains affect the upgrade of suppliers and describes alternative ways of overcoming the barriers to such upgrades. Using a cross-national analysis, we examine the complex upgrade process for suppliers from a long-term perspective...