We construct a peer effects model where mean expenditures of consumers in one's peer group affect utility through perceived consumption needs. We provide a novel method for obtaining identification in social interactions models like ours, using ordinary survey data, where very few members of...

This paper presents a weighted optimization framework that unifies the binary, multivalued, and continuous treatment - as well as mixture of discrete and continuous treatment - under a unconfounded treatment assignment. With a general loss function, the framework includes the average, quantile,...