Several studies investigate the various aspects of tobacco at the processing and cigarette manufacturing levels, but the profitability, supply response, and input demand of tobacco farms in Pakistan remain unknown. Our study fills this gap by examining farm-level profitability, input demand, and...

Global warming and climate change are the outcomes of excessive carbon emissions (CO2) from the consumption of fossil fuels. To reduce the volume of CO2 and to overcome this challenging environmental problem, it is imperative to encourage renewable energy consumption (REC). Furthermore,...

Existing literature has relied on economic fundamentals (EFs) to determine commodity price booms and busts, This framework has been unable to account for major economic non-fundamentals (ENFs), This study takes a broader view of major ENFs that expands beyond the traditional demand and supply...