Smirnov, Oleg - In: Games 16 (2025) 1, pp. 1-12
Living organisms expend energy to sustain survival, a process which is reliant on consuming resources - termed here as … the "cost of survival". In the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD), a classic model of social interaction, individual payoffs depend … evolves and remains evolutionarily stable when the cost of survival is sufficiently high, meaning exploited cooperators have a …