We propose a new model formulation for a three-echelon supply network design problem incorporating the concept of relocatable modular capacities. A robust supply network configuration must be determined based on uncertain demand. Furthermore, by incorporating the conditional value at risk...

Carbon policies are often limited to specific regions. To avoid stricter carbon emission requirements, companies relocate production to regions without carbon policies that offer a higher degree of flexibility. This effect is known as carbon leakage. To prevent carbon leakage, carbon tariffs are...

Long-term throughput, as a key performance indicator of a stochastic flow line, is affected by numerous parameters describing the features of the flow line, such as processing time and buffer size. Fast and accurate evaluation methods for a given set of values for those parameters are a...