This paper introduces a tontine-like annuity fund designed to provide lifelong income to its participants. Initially, each member contributes a lump-sum payment into a trust fund as a joining premium. Participants then receive benefits over time, based on their survival. As members pass away,...

In this paper we consider a discrete-time risk model, which allows the premium to be adjusted according to claims experience. This model is inspired by the well-known bonus-malus system in the non-life insurance industry. Two strategies of adjusting periodic premiums are considered: aggregate...

The cost of living has shown a gradual upward trend in recent years, which has seriously impacted the quality of life and well-being of residents. This study empirically examines the impact of the digital economy on residents' cost of living and the mechanisms behind it by measuring the digital...

Agri-food supply chains (AFSCs) are essential for addressing global food security and promoting the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal of reducing hunger. These chains stand out because they deal with perishable goods that have limited shelf life and are subjected to erratic...