In this work, we extend the time-dependent vehicle routing problem with time windows on a road network by considering two types of vehicles, large and small, to serve customers. Motivated from city logistics applications, large vehicles are forbidden from the downtown area. Accordingly, goods...

The travel time to proceed from one location to another in a network is an important consideration in many urban transportation settings ranging from the planning of delivery routes in freight transportation to the determination of shortest itineraries in advanced traveler information systems....