With regard to the supply of public goods, existing literature mainly focuses on the crowding out effect of public provision of public goods on private provision, while the adverse effect has been largely neglected. In this paper, building on the perspective of private provision's impact on...

With increasing demand for green growth globally, the escalating economic growth of China is also needed to be accompanied with environmental protection. From an environmental upgrading perspective, current study developed a nexus amid Green Total Factor Energy Productivity (GTFEP), Economic...

The issue of equality of opportunity is crucial in contemporary society, often examined in relation to income. Previous research has demonstrated the uncertain effect of income on mortality due to the presence of other factors. To empirically assess the difference in the effect of income on...

As the driving force of modern economic development, the evolution of the global energy patterns during major emergencies deserves attention. This study aims to uncover changes in global energy patterns during the COVID-19 epicenter storm. The results reveal concentrated energy trade volume in a...

The increasing intensity and frequency of extreme climate events have made improving the adaptability to extreme climate events a strategic imperative for manufacturing companies. This paper investigates whether manufacturing enterprises increase green technology innovation affected by different...