We challenge the widely accepted premise that the valuation of an early-stage firm is simply the capital invested (USD) divided by the equity received (%). Instead, we argue that this calculation determines the break-even point for the investor; for example, investing USD 1.0 in exchange for a...

Multiple studies have examined the effects of financial development on renewable energy consumption, but little is known about its impact on renewable energy innovation. The validity of the Porter Hypothesis (PH) in renewable energy industries-that is, whether stricter environmental policies...

The influence of digital industry and firm digitization on enterprise innovation has emerged as a critical research topic. To assess the impact of digital transformation on enhancing innovation output, we propose a game model of two organisations investing in digital transformation, analyze the...

The purpose of this research is to explain the policy model even for the development of renewable energy sources in the country. This article examines the factors affecting the renewable energy market and the development methods of these resources based on the grounded theory. The information of...

The European Union Emissions Trading Scheme is the first international cap-and-trade program for carbon dioxide and the largest carbon pricing regime in the world. A significant concern over the Emissions Trading Scheme has been the potential impact on the competitiveness of industry. Using data...

To promote the development and diffusion of electric vehicles, central and local governments in many countries have adopted various incentive programs. This study examines the policy and market drivers behind the rapid development of the electric vehicle market in China, by far the largest one...

In urban areas around the world, increasing motorization and growing travel demand make the urban transportation sector an ever-greater contributor to local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. The situation is particularly acute in developing countries, where growing metropolitan regions...

This paper provides an assessment of India's inflation-targeting regime. It shows that the Reserve Bank of India is best characterized as a flexible inflation targeter: contrary to criticism, it does not neglect changes in the output gap when setting policy rates. The paper does not find that...

The global innovation environment is undergoing major changes. Driven by its entrepreneurship policy, China's innovation level has gradually improved, but the regional gap remains large. As previous studies mainly focused on the net impact of entrepreneurship policy on innovation, knowledge on...

Predictive modeling has been widely used for insurance rate making. In this paper, we focus on insurance claim count data and address their common issues with more flexible modeling techniques. In particular, we study the zero-inflated and hurdle-generalized Poisson and negative binomial...