This study assesses the effectiveness of anti-corruption policies of Pakistan by relating the corruption of government officials to the actual and perceived bureaucratic hurdles faced by formal businesses. It offers a unique perspective by focusing on cases in which the accused officers...

Traditionally, export supply is modelled as a function of production capacity, cost and prices.These factors are not able to fully explain the export performance. The present study includes the domestic demand pressure as an additional explanatory variable in the traditional export supply model...

In response to the economic crisis created by the COVID-19 pandemic, many governments provided financial assistance to households. Using representative consumer surveys conducted during the pandemic in 2020, we examine the effects of this fiscal policy instrument on households in two emerging...