This study utilizes a time-varying parameter Bayesian vector autoregressive model to investigate the dynamic interactions between geopolitical risk (GPR) and renewable energy consumption growth (RECG). The identification strategy is flexible to accommodate cases both with and without sign...

The production networks in East Asia and European Union are characterized by large shares of trade in intermediate goods or network trade between countries within each region. However the pattern of network trade in the two regions could be very different due to regional variations in...

This paper aims to understand the gas-pricing mechanism in the major markets and hence draw implications for gas-pricing reform in Asia. It adopts the bootstrap sub-sample rolling-window Granger test to investigate the causality between crude oil and natural gas prices. Unlike the estimations...

Advocacy for knowledge sharing (KS) is increasing as it can improve novelty and agility in policy development and service delivery. To determine the combination of factors that best contributes to high-quality government-citizen KS, this study adopts necessary condition analysis (NCA) and a...

Abstract Propensity score weighting is a tool for causal inference to adjust for measured confounders in observational studies. In practice, data often present complex structures, such as clustering, which make propensity score modeling and estimation challenging. In addition, for clustered...

Abstract The problem of missingness in observational data is ubiquitous. When the confounders are missing at random, multiple imputation is commonly used; however, the method requires congeniality conditions for valid inferences, which may not be satisfied when estimating average causal treatment...

Abstract In the presence of heterogeneity between the randomized controlled trial (RCT) participants and the target population, evaluating the treatment effect solely based on the RCT often leads to biased quantification of the real-world treatment effect. To address the problem of lack of...