their short-term liquidity constraints. In many situations, contingent credit is most effectively used to facilitate risk … retention for middle layers, with reserves used for bottom layers and risk transfer (for example, reinsurance) for top layers …. Discussions with governments on the optimal use of contingent credit instruments as part of a sovereign catastrophe risk financing …

proposed to split Nat Cat risk into idiosyncratic (and hence insurable) risk and systematic risk (carrying the correlated part …). It is explained that the systematic risk can be transferred to capital markets using a set of parametric CAT bonds …. Premium calculation is presented for insuring the decomposed risk. Portfolio risk-return trade-off measures for investing on …

Government of Sint Maarten (GoSXM) for the formulation of a country-specific comprehensive disaster risk financing (DRF) strategy …

the formulation of a country-specific comprehensive disaster risk financing (DRF) strategy, based on the assessment of the … preliminary fiscal risk analysis and a review of the current budget management of disasters in Dominica. The report benefits from …, Jamaica, and so on) in the design and implementation of sovereign catastrophe risk financing strategies. This report tailors …

This disaster risk finance (DFR) diagnostic was prepared by the World Bank Finance, Competitiveness and Innovation …, and financial planning for financing of disaster risk in Zimbabwe. The GoZ intends to use the diagnostic to inform the … and crises. Zimbabwe is ranked a medium-to low-climate risk country but faces high impacts due to high levels of …

, this risk can be transferred to capital market investors through CAT bonds, which have never been used for this purpose in … hypothetical CAT bond issued for the period 1999-2003. As a result, by transferring the risk to the capital market, investors could …

established as an important model for Korea's disaster risk reduction activities. …

Combining a rich database on natural hazards, granular flood risk maps and detailed information on firm geolocalisation …

insurance portfolio. Hierarchical risk aggregation is performed using bivariate copula trees. Six common parametric copula … is a measure of positive dependence through variance of the aggregate risk. During gross loss accumulation, the marginals …