rates EUR/GRD and EUR/ITL during the euro zone membership period. Leaving the euro area one can expect the following market … rates: EUR/GRD 600 and EUR/ITL 1850. That would mean 75% depreciation and 5% appreciation to the current euro parities EUR …

The objective of this paper is to examine whether terror attacks that took place in the Eurozone in the 21st century … had a significant effect on the price of the Euro. Its novelty is twofold: it is the first study that assesses the impact … of such events on the price of the Euro and employs a relatively large number of these events. The event …

effective lower bound (ELB), and negative interest rate policies (NIRPs), specifically in the case of the digital euro (DE …, we explore whether CBDCs can change the ELB and affect consumer preferences in favor of the digital euro over physical …

, the USA and the Euro Area, severely. Uncertainties about the future abound. While the challenges are similar for both … capital market. In the Euro Area, uncertainty is higher than in the US and this could make disinflation in Europe more painful …

Which have been the consequences of the euro for integration and economic performance in the Baltic Sea region? After …: the Polish zloty depreciated in the critical moment of the crisis, while currency boards with the aim of joining the euro … in trade, and the share of the Eurozone in Baltic trade has stagnated. A comparison with other countries in the Baltic …

Euro (D€) project, which provides a unique lens for assessing the potential and challenges of CBDCs. The paper differs from …

larger for tradable industries and 10 and 17 percent larger for firms in the top percent of the Eurozone pre-Euro … investigating how the Euro has radically changed the rules of the competition game between firms. Using a staggered difference …-in-differences design, we find that the Euro, as a supranational institution, has increased firm-level market power between 23 and 30 …

This study aims to evaluate the impact of major and minor changes in the Euro Zone and US interest rates on the EUR …

that is why inflation was lower in the USA compared to the euro area. All announcements for 2023 point to the continuation …

This paper tests the hypothesis on market efficiency for returns on the euro against fifteen currencies while assuming …