Company carbon disclosures are crucial in assessing a firm's impact on the environment, and many policy actions are associated with this information. As a response to the rising demand for transparency and related regulatory requirements, an increasing number of firms discloses information on...

Corporate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data underpin almost every economic analysis related to climate change, spanning from firms' transition risk to their ESG ratings and, ultimately, their reduction is fundamental in addressing global warming. However, various quality issues plague relevant...

This report conducts a first stocktake of finance for green investment in Europe. It puts forward some conceptual lines to build a monitoring framework for green finance. It also proposes a dashboard of indicators to measure real economy outcomes and financial outcomes, and provides a first...

This paper uses a simulation model to evaluate the effects of river flooding events occurring within Germany on regional' banks. Under a 1.5℃ increase in temperature, the impact is overall rather small, even accounting for the devaluation of loans exposed to floods. However, under a 3℃...