The study on how Marx created the theory of social capital reproduction shows that this theory ranks among his original contributions to economics. In this theory, Marx's analysis of Department II and the exchange relation reveals the conditions that capitalist reproduction must follow if it is...

Whether Marx's economics and Marxist political economy can be formalized using mathematics is a controversial and divisive issue. From studying the text of Capital and its manuscripts, it emerges that Marx's research on the capitalist mode of production involves the application of mathematical...

Purpose - Karl Marx's social capital reproduction theory is his significant contribution to economics. The purpose of this paper is to review the contributions of the exploration of Chinese economists (especially Professor Liu Guoguang) in the concretization of Marx's social capital reproduction...

As part of the literature denying Marx's Law of Tendency of Rate of Profit to Fall, the Okishio theorem exerts extensive influence. This theorem uses rigorous mathematical methods in an attempt to prove that the introduction of advanced technology in the basic goods sector of capitalism leads...

According to the general consensus in academia, Ricardo's theory of international trade embodies the theory of comparative advantage. The principle of comparative advantage he proposed, based on the model of physical trade and employing comparative cost analysis, holds that comparative advantage...

In the background of global warming, worldwide energy and environmental governance had received increasing attention. Measuring environmentally adjusted multi-factor productivity (EAMFP) can highlight the contribution of natural capital to economic development and the negative impact of...