In stock markets, trading volumes serve as a crucial variable, acting as a measure for a security's liquidity level. To evaluate liquidity risk exposure, we examine the process of volume drawdown and measures of crash-recovery within fuctuating time frames. These moving time windows shield our...

Smart beta exchange-traded funds (SB ETFs) have caught the attention of investors due to their supposed ability to offer a better risk-return trade-off than traditionally structured passive indices. Yet, research covering the performance of SB ETFs benchmarked to traditional cap-weighted market...

This paper investigates the impact of Social Discount Rate (SDR) choice on intergenerational equity issues caused by Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) projects. Indeed, more PPPs mean more debt being accumulated for future generations leading to a fiscal deficit crisis. The paper draws on how...

Selecting stock portfolios and assessing their relative volatility risk compared to the market as a whole, market indices, or other portfolios is of great importance to professional fund managers and individual investors alike. Our research uses the cross-sectional intrinsic entropy (CSIE) model...