We study endogenous, credit-financed innovation under uncertainty in dynamic contexts. In our model, a firm with limited cash reserves decides how much to invest in an R&D project, potentially using external financing. Investing more increases the probability of a sooner innovation, but higher...

We analyze the effect of external financing and associated bankruptcy threat on the speed of product innovation in a market characterized by technological and demand uncertainty. In a dynamic market setting we characterize the optimal R&D investment strategy of a monopolistic incumbent firm that...

This paper considers investment problems in real options with non-homogeneous two-factor uncertainty. We derive some analytical properties of the resulting optimal stopping problem and present a finite difference algorithm to approximate the firm’s value function and optimal exercise boundary....

We propose a theoretical model to study individual lifestyle choices related to calorie intake and physical activity, depending on personal fitness level and body weight. The model builds on the rational eating literature and can generate a variety of behaviors that are consistent with the...

This edition of the Global Energy and Climate Outlook (GECO) analyses the role of electrification in global transition pathways to a low Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions economy. Electricity is found to be an increasingly important energy carrier in final energy consumption already in the absence...