This study considers spatial and nonlinear perspectives to examine the heterogeneous role of green technology innovation in the economic development and air quality of Chinese cities. We find that green inventive technology innovation benefits economic development and air quality improvement,...

The credibility thesis premises that an institution's endogenous credibility and function, rather than its form, ensures its persistence. Informal rental housing (IRH), an informal housing institution in China, was suggested to serve as a dwelling for low-income residents in previous research on...

Social responsibility investment (SRI) has attracted worldwide attention for its potential in promoting investment sustainability and stability. We developed a three-step framework by incorporating environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance into portfolio optimization. In comparison...

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric approach for measuring the relative efficiencies of peer decision making units (DMUs). In recent years, it has been widely used to evaluate two-stage systems under different organization mechanisms. This study modifies the conventional...