An energy resource as a production input plays a major role in various economic sectors, including commodity production, transportation, and electricity generation. However, increased energy consumption may lead to more air pollution, resulting in negative health impacts in a society. The main...

This study explores how energy tax influences energy R&D investments, which further affect economic welfare, carbon emissions, and climate change under various emission abatement policies. Energy tax, as a market-based instrument, aims to adjust the energy R&D investments to the optimal level....