This paper estimates the rate of intergenerational social mobility of status in Late Imperial, Republican and Communist China by examining the changing social status of originally elite surnames over time. It finds much lower rates of mobility in all eras than previous studies have suggested,...

Regional green technology innovation (RGTI) carries ecological and technological externalities, serving as a crucial force in aligning economic development with the imperative of environmental preservation. Industrial digitalization (indig) exhibits innovative, quality-enhancing, and...

Since the reform and opening up, electricity consumption in China has grown rapidly. However, the energy and environmental problems partly caused by the power generation structure, which is dominated by coal-fired power generation, have deepened, affecting the orderly and sustainable development...

Background As health care cost is taking an increasingly substantial proportion of national wealth, health shocks and the subsequent medical expenditures have become increasingly vital contributions to fnancial risks. However, the individual or combined efects of social and fnancial medical...

Industrial agglomeration not only brings economic prosperity, but also raises concerns about its environmental impact. How to balance industrial agglomeration and inclusive economic growth is a major challenge for today's social development. On the foundation of the balanced panel data of 164...

Since China's reform and opening up, the urban economy has substantially developed, and the nation’s urbanization process has advanced to gradually enter a "new normal" phase. In this process, China's population and industries continue to inundate its cities, and environmental pollution has...

This study aims to investigate the performance and behavior of fiat- and gold-backed cryptocurrencies to support stakeholders through the preparation of a portfolio from 1 January 2021 to 30 June 2022. Moreover, while searching for a hedge or a diversifier to construct a less risky portfolio...

Background: Systematic literature review (SLR) is increasingly utilized to maximize the element of rigor and minimize the individual bias of research synthesis. An analysis of the Web of Science (WoS) database indicates that 90% of the literature review studies using SLR have been published...

Background: Spare parts warehousing in the oil and gas industry is essential for offshore production. With the introduction of Industry 4.0 and its subsequent technological tools, new functions are enabled in industrial logistics activities. Efficiency, visibility, optimization, and productivity...

Given the importance of human centricity, resilience, and sustainability, the emerging concept of Industry 5.0 has pushed forward the research frontier of the technology-focused Industry 4.0 to a smart and harmonious socio-economic transition driven by both humans and technologies, where the...