This paper incorporates gender bias against girls in the family, school and labor market in a model of … mobility. This paper tests these predictions in India and China using data not subject to coresidency bias. The evidence … rejects the linear conditional expectation function in rural and urban India in favor of a concave relation. Girls in India …

We assessed the impact of compulsory kindergarten education on early-teenage basic and functional literacy skills …. However, those who were exposed to the policy were more likely to reach full functional literacy by early teenage, which is … with basic literacy skills in later childhood, children who attended kindergarten were more likely to be able to read and …

A growing body of evidence suggests that digital literacy is an important barrier constraining adoption and use of …, digital literacy can play a crucial role in expanding economic opportunities, thereby leading to human development and poverty … reduction. Unfortunately, there is a dearth of validated survey measures for capturing digital literacy of populations who have …

Viewed as an essential tool, which sensitizes citizens to create sustainable energy consumption habits, energy literacy … has attained a growing interest among researchers and policy makers in recent years. Energy literacy encompasses not only …. Most of the existent research seeks to assess the levels of literacy of the population, in the three dimensions - knowledge …

In this paper we examine what "data literacy" - under various definitions - means at a time of persistent distribution … current data literacy frameworks - 1. going beyond the individual; 2. critical thinking of the online ecosystem; and 3 … and methodological challenges we aim to shed light on not only how the definition of data literacy changes but also how we …

This paper argues that data literacy today needs to go beyond the mere skills to use data. Instead, it suggests the … concept of an extended critical big data literacy that places awareness and critical reflection of big data systems at its … such literacy. A qualitative multi-methods study with three points in time further investigated the views of citizens about …

, on average, five percentage points higher scores on the tax literacy test. On the other hand, the gender of the …The paper is devoted to the issue of tax literacy, where the aim is to identify factors that affect the level of tax … literacy of students of economics at the bachelor's degree level in the Czech Republic. Through a questionnaire survey …