individual utility is defined as personal income, and social welfare is the average of utilities in a population. A more … average income level of those in the society with the most disadvantaged circumstances, and the second dimension is the degree … to which total income inequality is due to differential effort, as opposed to differential circumstances. This pair of …

Social and Solidarity Economy Organizations (SSEOs) of Ecuador on three impact variables: i. monthly average income, ii …. satisfaction level with income increments and iii. Profits. Using the National Survey of Social and Popular Economy Organizations … with income and its effect varies according to the income level, but there is no causal effect. Certified SSEOs are more …

The income gradient in political participation is a widely accepted stylized fact. This article asks how income effects … on political involvement unfold over time. Using nine panel datasets from six countries, it analyzes whether income … income has an independent influence. Irrespective of indicator, specification, and method (hybrid models, inclusion of lags …

The issue of equality of opportunity is crucial in contemporary society, often examined in relation to income. Previous … research has demonstrated the uncertain effect of income on mortality due to the presence of other factors. To empirically … assess the difference in the effect of income on mortality rates between more developed and less developed provinces in China …

the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey (RLMS-HSE) to discuss the impact of economic factors, such as household income … of the birth rate in Russia has shown that household income has no effect at all, but the findings in this paper suggest … period in the 1990s.HSE) to discuss the impact of economic factors, such as household income and female wages, and subjective …

Aim/purpose - This paper aims to examine with new empirical evidence the joint relationships between violence, income … inequality, and real income per capita in a simultaneous equation framework using a worldwide sample at the country level. Design …, the results confirm a strong positive relationship between violence and income inequality. Conversely, a negative but non …

This report examines Ecuador’s social policy response to mitigate the Covid-19 pandemic’s effects and protect …

-rich Andean region, significantly contributing to economic growth and notable reductions of poverty and income inequality. The …

the lockdown of urban households in Ecuador. Income explained changes in FV consumption for low- and high-income …This study identifies changes in fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption habits during the COVID-19 pandemic in Quito-Ecuador … and observe relationships regarding household income and the relevance of FV nutritional value. The study used an online …

of marketing in depth in this context. We predominantly utilized the database from Ecuador's 2013 National Survey of … tools for increasing employment in Ecuador. Moreover, product innovation favors high-skilled over low-skilled work- ers …