Full electronic automation in stock exchanges has recently become popular, generating high-frequency intraday data and motivating the development of near real-time price forecasting methods. Machine learning algorithms are widely applied to mid-price stock predictions. Processing raw data as...

This paper revisits the topic of time-scale parameterizations of the Heston-Nandi GARCH (1,1) model to create a new, theoretically valid setting compatible with real financial data. We first estimate parameters using three US market indices and six frequencies to let data reveal the correct,...

Taking listed companies of strategic emerging industries as the research subject, this paper uses KZ index to measure the degrees of financing constraints and financial intermediary as well as the stock market to represent the level of financial development. Then empirical models are constructed...

Most community financing schemes have evolved in the context of severe economic constraints, political instability, and lack of good governance. Usually government taxation capacity is weak, formal mechanisms of social protection for vulnerable populations absent, and government oversight of the...