Purpose - This paper explores the association between directors' and officers' liability insurance (D&O insurance) and management tone manipulation. Design/methodology/approach - This study uses data from A-share listed non-financial companies from 2009 to 2021 as its sample for empirical tests....

This study uses the Wave 2 (2013), Wave 3 (2015) and Wave 4 (2018) released by Harmonized China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to examine the effect of cognitive ability on stock investment in the middle-aged and older populations in China. This study investigates the...

With the rapid economic growth in most Emerging Market Countries, the energy intensity showed a striking decline. To explore this energy puzzle, we evaluated energy intensity reduction in 30 Emerging Market Countries, which were referred to as E30 in this paper. A combined conceptual analysis...