Some harm reduction strategies encourage individuals to switch from a harmful addictive good to a less harmful addictive good. This approach is controversial, with advocates claiming it helps switching to a less harmful substance, and opponents claiming it may lead to new substance abuse. This...

Using granular data from the Turkish banking system, we investigate the effect of credit guarantee schemes (CGSs) in 2017 and early 2018 on bank connectedness originating from common borrower firms. Our empirical findings show that the CGSs affect the connectedness of banks differently. While...

One of the most pressing issues facing developing economies is how to provide expansion capital for existing businesses. However, this issue is more pressing in China, where private enterprises suffer significant financial constraints from capital market limitations. Therefore, the significance...

This study investigates whether Saitdol loans, a type of governmentguaranteed loan, were allocated to groups that would otherwise be unable to access the loan market without such a guarantee. To assess this, both non-parametric and parametric estimation methods, as proposed by Hendren (2013),...

Many countries in the MENA region have established partial credit guarantee schemes to facilitate SME access to finance. These schemes can play an important role, especially in a period where MENA governments are making efforts to improve the effectiveness of credit registries and bureaus and...

This paper presents data on 76 partial credit guarantee schemes across 46 developed and developing countries. Based on theory, the authors discuss different organizational features of credit guarantee schemes and their variation across countries. They focus on the respective role of government...

Crowdlending is a disruptive financial tool that has been increasingly requested by SME 's to cover their capital needs. However, the growth of this technological development is being limited by the existing risk of default resulting in loss for lenders. To deal with this, funding platforms have...

This evaluation reviews the World Bank Group's (WBG's) experience with guarantee instruments during 1990-2007. Although these instruments have been an established product line of the WBG for two decades, they have not been rigorously evaluated across the World Bank, International Finance...

This paper presents data on 76 partial credit guarantee schemes across 46 developed and developing countries. Based on theory, we discuss different organizational features of credit guarantee schemes and their variation across countries. We focus on the respective role of government and private...