Learning is crucial to organizational decision making but often needs to be delegated. We examine a dynamic delegation problem where a principal decides on a project with uncertain profitability. A biased agent, who is initially as uninformed as the principal, privately learns the profitability...

This study evaluated the organizational resilience of Chinese listed companies under extreme heat events based on the cumulative abnormal return of stocks during severe environmental disturbances. Based on institutional, stakeholder, and risk management theories, the extreme heat event in August...

This study aims to resolve the difficult problem of manufacturers’ service outsourcing strategy decision-making, with services divided into two types: hygienic and motivational. We build a value creation model for the manufacturer, service contractor, and customer under different outsourcing...