Financial risk aversion and financial risk tolerance are sometimes considered to be ‘opposite sides of the same coin’, with the implication being that risk aversion (a term describing the unwillingness of an investor to take risks based on a probability assessment) and risk tolerance (an...

Emerging literature focuses on insurers' earnings management using estimated liability for unpaid claims, known as loss reserve. An insurance company generally uses the traditional estimation methods with linear estimation to measure loss reserve error, but those methods are often criticized for...

The purpose of this study is to find the most important variables that represent the future projections of the Bank of International Settlements' (BIS) capital adequacy ratio, which is the index of financial soundness in a bank as a comprehensive and important measure of capital adequacy. This...

This study explores the effectiveness of various methods for measuring risk tolerance, with the aim to better understand the risk-taking attitudes and behaviors of financial decision-makers. Using data collected between October 2020 and March 2021, the research investigates three key areas: (a)...

The purpose of this paper is to present findings from research that was undertaken to answer the following questions. First, to what extent is political orientation associated with financial risk tolerance, and second, to what degree is political orientation predictive of changes in risk...

The purpose of this paper is to describe a study that was designed to determine to what extent subjective and objective measures of financial knowledge moderate the relationship between an investor’s financial risk tolerance and demographic factors thought to be important descriptors of an...