This paper examines the current No-Claim Discount (NCD) system used in Ghana’s auto insurance market as inefficient and outmoded and, therefore, proposes an alternative optimal Bonus-Malus System (BMS) intended to meet the present market conditions and demand. It appears that the existing BMS...

In this study, thermal interface material is used in photovoltaic-thermoelectric coupling device to enhance the utilization of solar energy. An operating system including cooling equipment is established. The output performance evolutions of PV–TE coupling device are carried out based on...

We present a two-stage scheduling approach including proactive and reactive scheduling to solve the ground resource scheduling problem with uncertain arrival time. In the first stage, an integer programming model is constructed to minimize the delay and transfer costs. After solving this model,...

This study examines the impact of debt financing on the productivity of capital invested and the mediating role of corporate investment using data from manufacturing firms in China, Japan and the United States. We find that firms that use more debt capital are less likely to make overinvestment....