and risk premium being actuarially fair). These two sources of aggregate volatility reduce growth through independent … and Different Volatility Measures Dependent variable: GDP per capita growth Regression 1 Log of initial GDP per capita … Population growth Credit to GDP Growth volatility Low-growth frequency Growth volatility  credit to GDP Low-growth frequency  …

The present study aims to investigate the financial liberalisation and growth nexus in Pakistan by using the FM … financial development promotes the economic growth of the country. Moreover, Investment, human capital, trade openness and … government expenditure are also significant contributors to economic growth. …

According to theory, financial openness (FO) increases growth. The literature often conditions the growth effect of FO … on favorable collateral environment. However, this can conceal the actual growth benefits of FO. This paper contributes … to the literature by investigating the unconditional growth effect of FO, measured as de facto international financial …

reviews how equity crowdfunding platforms function, the regulatory approaches around the world and academic contributions on … contributing to economic growth. …

economic growth of CEMAC member countries, and on the other hand to examine the role of institutions in the transmission of … 2015 oil crisis. Finding: From our findings, mineral rent has a positive and significant effects on economic growth …. Subsequently, when we control our model with all the variables capturing institutions of governance (Voice and responsibility …

This is the background paper for the productivity extension of the World Bank's Long-Term Growth Model (LTGM). Based on … Penn World Table, and assesses the pattern of productivity growth across regions and income groups over the same sample …, education, market efficiency, infrastructure, and institutions. Based on underlying proxies, the paper constructs indexes …

ownership structure (such as cooperatives), and microfinance institutions. The authors use the data set to conduct a rough … estimation of the number of bank accounts in the world (6.2 billion) as well as the number of banked and unbanked individuals. In …